{
  "title": "About US$20 in one-unit coins and notes",
  "snapshot_date": "2026-10-27",
  "snapshot_source": "European Central Bank Euro foreign exchange reference rates",
  "snapshot_url": "https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html",
  "quote_convention": "ECB rates give units of each quoted currency per EUR. USD 20 equivalent = 20 × (currency units per EUR) ÷ (USD per EUR).",
  "rounding": "Nearest whole one-unit coin/note count, half up. Residual is rounded count minus the exact converted count.",
  "data_scope_note": "Approximate denomination counts for an amount near USD 20 at a dated ECB reference rate; whole counts are rounded. This compares unit face values, not money supply or market capitalization. JPY and AUD are extra currencies selected by FX turnover (BIS April 2025). Each chart icon is one preserved-aspect image with transparent padding; paired source scans are cropped to one actual face. GBP artwork is a withdrawn 1983 coin shown solely as a historical £1 denomination example; CNY artwork is a commemorative ¥1 coin, not the standard coin.",
  "ecb_rates_per_eur": {
    "EUR": "1",
    "USD": "1.1150",
    "JPY": "175.97",
    "GBP": "0.83658",
    "CHF": "0.9239",
    "AUD": "1.5856",
    "CAD": "1.5636",
    "CNY": "7.4343",
    "MXN": "20.7800"
  },
  "currencies": [
    {
      "currency": "USD",
      "currency_name": "US dollar",
      "unit_name": "dollar",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "1.1150",
      "units_per_usd": "1.000000",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "20.000000",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 20,
      "rounding_residual_units": "0.000000",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/usd.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_States_one_dollar_bill,_obverse.jpg",
      "unit_display": "US$1",
      "image_credit": "United States Government (image author not specified on Commons file page) / Public domain (U.S. federal government work)",
      "image_description": "Single obverse face of a U.S. $1 banknote.",
      "source_image": "images/usd-1-dollar-note.jpg"
    },
    {
      "currency": "EUR",
      "currency_name": "euro",
      "unit_name": "euro",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "1",
      "units_per_usd": "0.896861",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "17.937220",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 18,
      "rounding_residual_units": "0.062780",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/eur.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Finnish_one_euro_coin.jpg",
      "unit_display": "€1",
      "image_credit": "Antasa / CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "image_description": "Single face of a Finnish €1 coin.",
      "source_image": "images/eur-1-euro-coin.jpg"
    },
    {
      "currency": "CNY",
      "currency_name": "Chinese yuan renminbi",
      "unit_name": "yuan",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "7.4343",
      "units_per_usd": "6.667534",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "133.350673",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 133,
      "rounding_residual_units": "-0.350673",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/cny.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%97,_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B2_1921_%D1%80._%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8F_%D0%86-%D0%B9_%D0%B7%27%D1%97%D0%B7%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8E;_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%9D%D0%A0_-_1_%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_1991_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83.png",
      "unit_display": "¥1",
      "image_credit": "Дема Юрій Володимирович (Yurii Dema) / CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "image_description": "Single cropped face of a 1991 PRC ¥1 commemorative coin, not the standard circulating design.",
      "source_image": "images/cny-1-yuan-face.png"
    },
    {
      "currency": "MXN",
      "currency_name": "Mexican peso",
      "unit_name": "peso",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "20.7800",
      "units_per_usd": "18.636771",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "372.735426",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 373,
      "rounding_residual_units": "0.264574",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/mxn.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moneda_1_Peso_Mexicano_A741300.jpg",
      "unit_display": "Mex$1",
      "image_credit": "Rjcastillo / CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "image_description": "Single cropped face of a Mexican 1-peso coin.",
      "source_image": "images/mxn-1-peso-face.png"
    },
    {
      "currency": "CAD",
      "currency_name": "Canadian dollar",
      "unit_name": "dollar",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "1.5636",
      "units_per_usd": "1.402332",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "28.046637",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 28,
      "rounding_residual_units": "-0.046637",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/cad.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kanada-_2010_-_M%C3%BCnzkabinett,_Berlin_-_5506934.jpg",
      "unit_display": "CA$1",
      "image_credit": "Staatliche Museen zu Berlin / Public Domain Mark 1.0",
      "image_description": "Single cropped reverse (loon) face of a 2010 Canadian $1 coin.",
      "source_image": "images/cad-1-dollar-reverse.jpg"
    },
    {
      "currency": "GBP",
      "currency_name": "pound sterling",
      "unit_name": "pound",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "0.83658",
      "units_per_usd": "0.750296",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "15.005919",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 15,
      "rounding_residual_units": "-0.005919",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/gbp.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:One_Pound_1983_obverse.jpg",
      "unit_display": "£1",
      "image_credit": "Abxbay / CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "image_description": "Single full face of a 1983 UK £1 coin (round, historic, withdrawn from circulation in 2017).",
      "source_image": "images/gbp-1-pound-coin.jpg"
    },
    {
      "currency": "CHF",
      "currency_name": "Swiss franc",
      "unit_name": "franc",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "0.9239",
      "units_per_usd": "0.828610",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "16.572197",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 17,
      "rounding_residual_units": "0.427803",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/chf.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1CHFv.jpg",
      "unit_display": "CHF 1",
      "image_credit": "Manuel Anastácio / Public domain (Swiss legal-tender currency image)",
      "image_description": "Single face of a Swiss 1-franc coin, 1939 issue of the current coin design.",
      "source_image": "images/chf-current.jpg"
    },
    {
      "currency": "JPY",
      "currency_name": "Japanese yen",
      "unit_name": "yen",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "175.97",
      "units_per_usd": "157.820628",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "3156.412556",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 3156,
      "rounding_residual_units": "-0.412556",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/jpy.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1JPY.JPG",
      "unit_display": "¥1",
      "image_credit": "Misogi / CC BY-SA 3.0",
      "image_description": "Single cropped face of a genuine 2006 Japanese ¥1 coin.",
      "source_image": "images/jpy-1-yen-face.jpg"
    },
    {
      "currency": "AUD",
      "currency_name": "Australian dollar",
      "unit_name": "dollar",
      "unit_face_value": 1,
      "ecb_quote_per_eur": "1.5856",
      "units_per_usd": "1.422063",
      "usd_20_exact_units": "28.441256",
      "usd_20_rounded_units": 28,
      "rounding_residual_units": "-0.441256",
      "rounding_residual_meaning": "rounded units minus exact converted units; positive means the integer display is above the exact amount",
      "image": "images/display/aud.png",
      "image_source_page": "https://www.ramint.gov.au/collect/national-coin-collection/circulating-coins/one-dollar",
      "unit_display": "A$1",
      "image_credit": "Royal Australian Mint / educational and informative reuse allowed under its copyright policy",
      "image_description": "Single face (reverse) of the current standard circulating Australian $1 coin, five kangaroos.",
      "source_image": "images/aud-current.jpg"
    }
  ],
  "images": [
    {
      "code": "USD",
      "file": "usd.png",
      "description": "Single obverse face of a U.S. $1 banknote.",
      "credit": "United States Government (image author not specified on Commons file page) / Public domain (U.S. federal government work)",
      "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_States_one_dollar_bill,_obverse.jpg",
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    {
      "code": "EUR",
      "file": "eur.png",
      "description": "Single face of a Finnish €1 coin.",
      "credit": "Antasa / CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Finnish_one_euro_coin.jpg",
      "source_image": "images/eur-1-euro-coin.jpg",
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    {
      "code": "CNY",
      "file": "cny.png",
      "description": "Single cropped face of a 1991 PRC ¥1 commemorative coin, not the standard circulating design.",
      "credit": "Дема Юрій Володимирович (Yurii Dema) / CC BY-SA 4.0",
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    {
      "code": "MXN",
      "file": "mxn.png",
      "description": "Single cropped face of a Mexican 1-peso coin.",
      "credit": "Rjcastillo / CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moneda_1_Peso_Mexicano_A741300.jpg",
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      "source_hash_sha256": "2584baf1a719f5bc24d8504bb7c31dc1998d973138e453b2c5489baf266bc04d"
    },
    {
      "code": "CAD",
      "file": "cad.png",
      "description": "Single cropped reverse (loon) face of a 2010 Canadian $1 coin.",
      "credit": "Staatliche Museen zu Berlin / Public Domain Mark 1.0",
      "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kanada-_2010_-_M%C3%BCnzkabinett,_Berlin_-_5506934.jpg",
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      "source_hash_sha256": "33d7147d695746e341c45b654e1c592eb7161c481ac7f03803ae420b648cf8f7"
    },
    {
      "code": "GBP",
      "file": "gbp.png",
      "description": "Single full face of a 1983 UK £1 coin (round, historic, withdrawn from circulation in 2017).",
      "credit": "Abxbay / CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:One_Pound_1983_obverse.jpg",
      "source_image": "images/gbp-1-pound-coin.jpg",
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      "source_hash_sha256": "02e2ed0998b7390d7553b44333a4f395033c5f926ea662d41ec0d08d05021ba5"
    },
    {
      "code": "CHF",
      "file": "chf.png",
      "description": "Single face of a Swiss 1-franc coin, 1939 issue of the current coin design.",
      "credit": "Manuel Anastácio / Public domain (Swiss legal-tender currency image)",
      "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1CHFv.jpg",
      "source_image": "images/chf-current.jpg",
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      "bytes": 179201,
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      "display_note": "Square transparent canvas; source aspect ratio preserved, with no geometric distortion. Resized to fill the same512px canvas as the other denominations while preserving aspect ratio.",
      "license_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory/Switzerland#Currency",
      "source_hash_sha256": "b23718fb7189ec5f93e75d73d16eec4b532aca12a93d03de8b70d9eb5365aacb"
    },
    {
      "code": "JPY",
      "file": "jpy.png",
      "description": "Single cropped face of a genuine 2006 Japanese ¥1 coin.",
      "credit": "Misogi / CC BY-SA 3.0",
      "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1JPY.JPG",
      "source_image": "images/jpy-1-yen-face.jpg",
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      "display_note": "Square transparent canvas; source aspect ratio preserved, with no geometric distortion. Resized to fill the same512px canvas as the other denominations while preserving aspect ratio.",
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      "source_hash_sha256": "c38d2099616a25030bbd26c1dfa08fad819e4e3f30c05e01f3588a432b4c7ed8"
    },
    {
      "code": "AUD",
      "file": "aud.png",
      "description": "Single face (reverse) of the current standard circulating Australian $1 coin, five kangaroos.",
      "credit": "Royal Australian Mint / educational and informative reuse allowed under its copyright policy",
      "page": "https://www.ramint.gov.au/collect/national-coin-collection/circulating-coins/one-dollar",
      "source_image": "images/aud-current.jpg",
      "display_path": "images/display/aud.png",
      "bytes": 351907,
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      "license_url": "https://www.ramint.gov.au/copyright-and-re-use-materials-policy",
      "source_hash_sha256": "71de1fdecb9587cc0b4c1ada533771a2b6ef0d28c3bdff9c0e0242c97becaa34"
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  ],
  "source_details": {
    "ecb_method": "All currencies in ECB table are quoted as currency units per EUR. USD20 exact units = 20 × (target currency units per EUR) / (USD per EUR).",
    "ecb_use_note": "ECB states the reference rates are for information and strongly discourages transaction use.",
    "fx_snapshot_note": "The rates below are the complete input values needed to reproduce the amounts; the same-day ECB page is linked above."
  },
  "extra_currency_selection": {
    "criterion": "FX market turnover, not market capitalization",
    "source": "BIS Triennial Central Bank Survey, OTC foreign exchange turnover in April 2025, Graph 2A",
    "source_url": "https://www.bis.org/statistics/rpfx25_fx.pdf",
    "why_jpy_and_aud": "Among additional individual currencies beyond USD, EUR, CNY, MXN, CAD, GBP and CHF, JPY and AUD are the highest-turnover individually reported currencies in the BIS 2025 survey. The chart reports JPY at 16.8% and AUD at 6.1% of turnover by currency (currency shares sum to 200% because each FX trade has two currency sides).",
    "reported_turnover_shares_percent": {
      "JPY": "16.8",
      "AUD": "6.1"
    },
    "turnover_reference_period": "April 2025"
  }
}